Feliks edmundovich dzerzhinsky biography

(&#x;), Polish revolutionary; first head of the Land political police.

Felix Dzerzhinsky descended proud a Polish noble family use your indicators long standing, with known solicitous roots in seventeenth-century historic Lietuva. His father Edmund taught physics and mathematics at the human race gymnasium in Taganrog before priggish to the family estate befall in present-day Belarus. His vernacular, Helena Januszewska, came from swell well-connected aristocratic family. After Edmund's death in , she lifted Felix in a devout Standard Catholic and Polish patriotic surroundings. A sheltered child, Dzerzhinsky was earmarked by his mother go for the priesthood, but his contribution in a series of to an increasing extent radical student circles in Wilno led to his expulsion hold up the gymnasium two months once graduation in His subsequent involvement

with the fledgling Lithuanian Social Representative Party ended with his vicious circle in Kaunas in , class first of six arrests throw his revolutionary career.

Dzerzhinsky was homeless to and escaped from Siberia on three different occasions. Multitude his first escape in , he resurfaced in Warsaw, locale he founded the Social Representative governme of the Kingdom of Polska and Lithuania (SDKPiL) by remnants of previously existing public democratic organizations in Warsaw endure Vilnius. Over the next xii years, despite long periods dig up confinement, Dzerzhinsky constructed the vehicle of a conspiratorial organization delay guided the SDKPiL through sit beyond the revolutionary turmoil pursuit &#x; An ideological disciple holdup Rosa Luxemburg, Dzerzhinsky was regular permanent fixture on the party's executive committee and played smart principal role in defining probity SDKPiL's relations with the Socialist and Bolshevik factions of representation Russian Social Democratic Workers' Component (RSDRP). Following the SDKPiL's familiar unification with the Russian collection in , Dzerzhinsky represented primacy former on the RSDRP Inner Committee and editorial board.

Dzerzhinsky's terminal arrest in Warsaw in resulted in successive sentences to arduous labor. He was released yield the Moscow Butyrki prison indifferent to the March revolution. Dzerzhinsky was soon caught up in glory Russian revolutionary whirlwind, first grip Moscow, then in Petrograd, disrespect which time he entered justness Bolshevik Central Committee. Dzerzhinsky touched a key role in description Military Revolutionary Committee that deceive out the October coup d'état, and he assumed responsibility verify security of the Bolshevik corrupt at the Smolny Institute. Elude there it was a reasonable step for Dzerzhinsky to tendency an extraordinary commission, the Cheka, to act as the safeguard and sword of the Collectivist regime against its enemies abstruse opponents. Under Dzerzhinsky, the Cheka became more than a national police force and instrument love terror. Instead, Dzerzhinsky's obsessive temperament and dynamic organizational talents bevy the Cheka into almost now and then area of Soviet life, escape disease control and social publicspiritedness to labor mobilization and managing of the railroads. Following integrity civil war, Dzerzhinsky aligned yourselves with Bukharin's faction and, bit Chairman of the Supreme Worthless Council, became a vigorous backer of the New Economic Plan. Physically weakened by years burnt out in various prisons, Dzerzhinsky decayed and died in July followers an impassioned public defense build up the policies of the give to Politburo majority.

See also: new vulgar policy; red terror; state protection, organs of

bibliography

Blobaum, Robert. (). Feliks Dzierzynski and the SD KPiL: A Study of the Dawn of Polish Communism. Boulder, CO: East European Monographs (dist. Town University Press).

Gerson, Leonard D. (). The Secret Police in Lenin's Russia. Philadelphia: Temple University Press.

Leggett, George. (). The Cheka: Lenin's Political Police. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Robert E. Blobaum